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PTR SCIENCE
Any natural elevation of the earth's surface is a mountain. It is a large mass of land that rises to a great height as compared to its surrounding area. A mountain has two parts. The sharp or rounded top portion is called a peak or summit.
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| Mountain |
It slopes down to the base which is wide. Mountains generally occur in a long chains called ranges stretching over hundreds of kilometres. The Himalayas, the Alps and the Andes are mountain range found in Asia and South America respectively.
Some mountains peaks are permanently covered with snow. They are called snow caps. In some mountains, rivers of ice common future on the slopes they are called glaciers. In India, the Siachen Glacier and the Gangotri are found in the Himalayas. These Glacier give rise to Perennial rivers. There are some mountains that we cannot see as they are under the sea.
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Glaciers
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★ People living on Mountains
Due to the harsh climate, steep slopes, lack of agriculture land, lack of transport facilities and extreme cold conditions, there is very low population in the mountains.
★How the Mountain are formed?
Mountains are formed by folding, faulting or by the eruption of volcanic rocks on the surface.
★ Type of Mountains
★ Map of some highest Mountain in the World.
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| Map |
★ Significance of Mountain
Mountains are very useful to us they are an important natural resource in more than one way.
• The slopes of the mountain are covered with dense forest. They provide us with timber firewood for drain and other precious medicinal herbs. These forests are home to a variety of wildlife. the grasslands on the slopes of mountains are excellent grazing grounds for sheep.
• Mountains are store house of many Perennial rivers have their source in mountain glaciers. They provide us water all the year round. Dams are built across such rivers and the water is used for irrigation and generation of hydroelectricity.
• Mountains also provide minerals and stones for industries and construction, respectively.
• The scenic beauty of mountains cannot be ignored. Dai snow-capped peaks, the swift river and deep valley and great tourist attraction. Many adventure sports like trekking, rock climbing, skiing, white---water rafting and paragliding are flood in mountains.
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